Abstract
Chemical protective clothing (CPC) is major equipment to protect human skin from hazardous chemical warfare agents (CWAs), especially nerve agents and blister agents. CPC performance is mainly dominated by the chemical protective material, which needs to meet various requirements, such as mechanical robustness, protective properties, physiological comfort, cost-effectiveness, and dimensional stability. In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based sodium sulfonate membranes with different ion exchange capacities (IECs) are prepared simply from low-cost materials. Their mechanical properties, contact angles, permeations, and selectivities have been tested and compared with each other. Results show that membranes with IEC in the range of 1.5–2 mmol g−1 have high selectivities of water vapor permeation over CWA simulant vapor permeation and good mechanical properties. Therefore, PVDF-based sodium sulfonate membranes are potential materials for CPC applications.
Highlights
Nerve agents are the most toxic class of chemical warfare agents (CWAs), including tabun (GA), sarin (GB), soman (GD), and VX as representatives (Figure 1)
The selectivity between water vapor was calculated by S = VPwater /VPDMMP
The selectivity between water vapor was calculated by S = VPwater /VPCEPS
Summary
Nerve agents are the most toxic class of chemical warfare agents (CWAs), including tabun (GA), sarin (GB), soman (GD), and VX as representatives (Figure 1). These agents are usually colorless, odorless, and highly toxic. One of the most famous CWAs introduced in World War I, can permeate the human skin and alkylate the DNA to cause cell death. Sulfur mustard as the representative of blister agents has been widely used in many wars during the last century and caused thousands of deaths [2]. Researchers use simulants to study and evaluate the protective performance against nerve agents. The most commonly used simulants are dimethyl methyl phophonate (DMMP)
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