Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Cleft Lip and Palate with Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Information Technology

Xinglong Deng,Zongjie Weng,Min Liu,Qiumei Wu,Minmin Yang,Suhui He,Gustavo Ramirez

doi:10.1155/2021/1531724

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the three-dimensional ultrasound paper cleft lip and palate deformities in applications in prenatal diagnosis. Methods. 25 cases of cleft lip and palate fetus, 20–32 weeks of gestational age, with the maternal age of 22–44 years, were examined by prenatal ultrasound in our hospital; conventional two-dimensional ultrasound examination was performed after a cleft lip, and the application of three-dimensional ultrasound imaging surface and a transparent imaging showed the alveolar process and the palate of the fetus. Also, the results of two-dimensional ultrasound and postnatal (or after induction) results were compared. Results. Of the 25 cases, there were 6 cases of postpartum induction or simply unilateral cleft lip, 17 cases of unilateral cleft palate, and two cases of bilateral cleft lip palate. There was no significant ( P > 0.05 ) difference of two- and three-dimensional ultrasound detection rate of pure cleft lip; two-dimensional ultrasound cleft palate detection rate was 36.8% (7/19), and three-dimensional ultrasound cleft palate detection rate was 89.5% (17/19). The two methods showed a statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) difference in the detection rate of cleft palate. Conclusion. Three-dimensional ultrasound can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of prenatal cleft palate.

Highlights

Cleft lip and palate deformities are facial and small organ deformities with a high prevalence, ranking 4th in fetal malformations. e neonatal incidence is 1.5% to 2.0%
According to the presence or absence of fetal outcome cleft palate, surgery is difficult and critical to the treatment sequence, and we evaluate whether to terminate the pregnancy. us, cleft palate prenatal diagnosis is important
Two-dimensional ultrasound mostly relies on the indirect signs of cleft lip to diagnose cleft lip deformity: the upper lip has a gap of 0.8 cm and the nose has no abnormal shape, which is mostly a cleft lip; with the gap of >0.8 cm, the nose deforms and collapses, and when the mouth is opened, the fetal tongue extends to Figure 4: 25-week fetal unilateral cleft lip and palate deformity

Summary

Introduction

Cleft lip and palate deformities are facial and small organ deformities with a high prevalence, ranking 4th in fetal malformations. e neonatal incidence is 1.5% to 2.0%. Cleft lip and palate deformities are facial and small organ deformities with a high prevalence, ranking 4th in fetal malformations. Cleft lip and palate can occur alone or as one of the manifestations of multiple malformations. Cleft palate often causes respiratory infections, malnutrition, middle ear problems, etc. In severe cases, it can cause language development disorders, which has a great psychological impact on children. About 25000 newborns with cleft lip and palate are born every year in China, which is the main disease for medical identification of sick and disabled children. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformations is an important link to improve the quality of the birth population. In 2012, the “Prenatal Ultrasound Guidelines” formulated by the Ultrasound Physicians’ Association of the Chinese Medical Doctors Association included lips in the evaluation scope of prenatal examinations

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion