Abstract
Russia is one of the world’s largest producers of energy resources. The production of energy resources in Russia is profitable both economically and in terms of energy production. Currently, Russian oil and gas companies have a policy of increasing energy efficiency, which will led to an increase in the energy return on investment (EROI) of both oil and gas production as a whole, and of separate companies in particular. By our calculations, the EROI for oil production in Russia differs for the different companies, and in 2012 was in the range of 22–35:1. The EROI for light oil products in 2012 was in the range of 5–13:1.
Highlights
IntroductionOver the last 110 years, the annual consumption of energy resources in the world has increased
Over the last 110 years, the annual consumption of energy resources in the world has increased20 times from 0.6 in 1900 to 12.4 billion tons of oil equivalent in 2012 [1,2]
For Rosneft and TNK-BP we don’t have data on energy consumption separate by activity sectors. This means in order to calculate the energy return on investment (EROI) we must perform separation as follows: (1) Assume that the energy efficiency of oil processing in Rosneft and TNK-BP equals that of
Summary
Over the last 110 years, the annual consumption of energy resources in the world has increased. 20 times from 0.6 in 1900 to 12.4 billion tons of oil equivalent (toe) in 2012 [1,2]. During the same time period, the structure of consumption of energy resources has changed significantly. The proportion of coal has been reduced from 90% in 1900 to 30% in 2012; and, at the same time, the proportion of oil and gas has increased to 33% and 24%, respectively. Coal, oil and gas, in the structure of the consumption of primary energy resources, are about 87%. Oil and gas are considered non-renewable energy resources, which means that there will be a peak, and after peak production the availability of these resources will start to decrease. Many articles and Sustainability 2014, 6 books have been written in the last decade about peak oil, and the likelihood is that the world’s production of traditional oil is at a peak, with a maximum level of 75 million barrels a day [3]
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