Abstract
In last decades, water pollution has become more pronounced on all rivers in Latin America, Africa and Asia. Thus, it is estimated that the deterioration of water quality will extend further over the coming decades, increasing threats to human health, environment and sustainable development. Simultaneously, it has been observed a depletion of non-renewable energetic sources and its increasing replacement by renewable sources. Therefore, the United Nations (UN) has been setting goals regarding sustainable development for the countries. Thus, the present study aimed to create and design a mechanism that integrates clean energy generation and water depollution from small and medium-sized streams by using agro-industrial waste. For this, it was necessary to survey the theoretical framework besides the hydrological study of Pinhalzinho II watershed, which was chosen for the simulation. Thus, it was started the design of the hydroelectric microcentral coupled to a sustainable water purification system using the softwares: AutoCAD© and SketchUp 3D©. In addition, the stream flow was determined and its energy potential was calculated in order to estimate the amount of energy that could be generated by the system. Then, laboratory scale filters were constructed from sugarcane bagasse and cassava peel for efficiency analyses. Finally, the upstream (raw water) and downstream (after filtering) water samples were analyzed and their parameter values determined. After data treatment, it was found that the results were not satisfactory; conversely, they showed a reduction in raw water quality, achieving efficiency only for the thermotolerant coliforms parameter. Nevertheless, regarding the hydroelectric microcentral project and the hydroenergetic potential of the stream, the results were promising.
Highlights
All human practices depend, directly or indirectly, on the use of water
Since the 1980s, the demand for water has increased worldwide at a rate of approximately 1% per year due to factors such as: population growth, socioeconomic development and changes in consumption patterns. This worldwide demand is expected to continue increasing at a similar rate until 2050, which will result in an increase of 20% to 30% in relation to the current demand (WWAP, 2019)
It was observed that in the last few decades water pollution has increased in almost all rivers in Latin America, Africa and Asia
Summary
Since the 1980s, the demand for water has increased worldwide at a rate of approximately 1% per year due to factors such as: population growth, socioeconomic development and changes in consumption patterns. This worldwide demand is expected to continue increasing at a similar rate until 2050, which will result in an increase of 20% to 30% in relation to the current demand (WWAP, 2019). It is estimated that the deterioration in water quality will continue even further over the few decades, increasing threats to human health, the environment and sustainable development (WWAP, 2018)
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Schedule a callMore From: Revista Mundi Engenharia, Tecnologia e Gestão (ISSN: 2525-4782)
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