Prehistory of Košice – settlement in the Neolithic

Ľubomíra Kaminská

doi:10.33542/cah2020-2-04

Abstract

This article presents the results of archaeological excavations at the sites Košice-Galgovec I-III and Červený rak on the southeastern edge of Košice in 1997–2001 indicated several stages of settlement and their dating. AMS 14C dates for the Tiszadob group were 6260±35 BP, 5330–5140 calBC; for the early stage of the Bükk culture they were 6310±40-35 BP, 5285±42 calBC. Assessment of residential, farming and settlement features was carried out, and numerous remains of pottery and lithic industry were classified with regard to contemporary sites in the Košická kotlina basin and in northeastern Hungary. The researchers evaluated the settlement in the microregion of Košice from the beginning of the Eastern Linear Pottery culture – the Proto-Linear stage – to the Barca III group and the Tiszadob group and the subsequent settlement during the Bükk culture period.

Highlights

This article presents the results of archaeological excavations at the sites Košice-Galgovec I-III and Červený rak on the southeastern edge of Košice in 1997–2001 indicated several stages of settlement and their dating
According to our current knowledge, settlement of the microregion in the southern part of Košice started at the beginning of the Middle Neolithic with the advance of bearers of the Szatmár culture from northeastern part of Hungary northwards along the Hornád River basin
The oldest – Proto-Linear – stage of the Eastern Linear Pottery culture was created at the site of Košice-Červený rak on the left-bank terrace of the Myslavský potok stream, dated to 5540–5410 calBC

Summary

Introduction

This article presents the results of archaeological excavations at the sites Košice-Galgovec I-III and Červený rak on the southeastern edge of Košice in 1997–2001 indicated several stages of settlement and their dating. They were studied in 1980 at the site of Košice-Červený rak.[33] The origin of the culture with the eastern linear stage, its oldest part, is associated with influence of the Szatmár group from northeastern Hungary.[34] Two features were investigated during the excavations in 1980: an oven and a refuse pit containing mostly sherds from several thick-walled vessels, probably storage jars.[35] One of the storage jars has been restored.

Results

Conclusion