Abstract
Introduction Oligohydramnios has increased incidence of fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, prolonged labor, low Apgar score, low birth weight, admission to NICU, cord compression, birth asphyxia, and operative interference. The objective of the study was to determine the pregnancy outcome in amniotic fluid index 5 cm or less in term pregnancy. Materials and Methods This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted at National Medical College & Teaching Hospital from June 2017 to May 2018. A total of 72 obstetric cases with AFI ≤ 5 cm and 72 cases with AFI > 5 cm with meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study after taking consent. Results Incidence of oligohydramnios was 2.2% out of 4318 deliveries and term oligohydramnios was 1.66%. AFI ≤ 5 cm was associated with increased induction of labor (p < 0.001), caesarean section (p = 0.01)), meconium stained liquor (p = 0.106), Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes (p = 0.001), NICU admission (p = 0.003), neonatal deaths (p = 0.053) were comparable with AFI >5 cm. Conclusion Amniotic fluid index ≤ 5 cm at term is an indicator of poor perinatal outcome. Women with AFI ≤ 5 cm can expect a good outcome if they have regular ANC visits and intrapartum monitoring than the AFI > 5 cm.
Highlights
Oligohydramnios has increased incidence of fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, prolonged labor, low Apgar score, low birth weight, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, cord compression, birth asphyxia, and operative interference
amniotic fluid index (AFI) ≤ 5 cm was associated with increased induction of labor (p < 0.001), caesarean section (p = 0.01)), meconium stained liquor (p = 0.106), Apgar score 5 cm
Amniotic fluid index ≤ 5 cm at term is an indicator of poor perinatal outcome
Summary
Oligohydramnios has increased incidence of fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, prolonged labor, low Apgar score, low birth weight, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, cord compression, birth asphyxia, and operative interference. The objective of the study was to determine the pregnancy outcome in amniotic fluid index 5 cm or less in term pregnancy. Oligohydramnios is often accompanied by maternal and fetal conditions such as prolonged labor due to inertia, congenital anomalies, increased operative interference due to malpresentation, premature rupture of membranes (PROM) intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), deformity due to intra amniotic adhesions, cord compression, abnormal heart rate, meconium stained amniotic fluid, post term pregnancy, birth asphyxia and low Apgar score.[1,2] This study was carried out to determine the pregnancy outcome in amniotic fluid index 5 cm or less in term pregnancy. Thereafter, the amount diminishes till at term it measures about 600-800 ml. 9
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