Abstract
Preeclampsia is one of the most common complications of pregnancy in the world. In Indonesia, the incidence of preeclampsia lies within 3–10% of all pregnancies every year. Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder that causes endothelial dysfunction and vasospasm that may lead to ischemia and organ damage especially to the end organs. Cochlea serves as an end organ and is therefore vulnerable to damage under ischemic conditions. This research aimed to understand the role of preeclampsia on the destruction of cochlear outer hair cells function. Subjects were pregnant women who were hospitalized in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward of Sardjito Hospital. Diagnosis of preeclampsia was obtained by defining level of high blood pressure measurement and quantitative 24 hours of proteinuria. Meanwhile, cochlear outer hair cell function was measured by the distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). The DPOAE results showed that REFER presented in 6 (10%) patients with preeclampsia and none in those without preeclampsia groups. This result demonstrated preeclampsia as one of the risk factors for impaired function of cochlear outer hair cells.
Highlights
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome with reduced organ perfusion resulting in the occurrence of vasospasm and endothelial activation
The result showed that the most patients with and without preeclampsia ranged within 20–35 years; they were 63.3% and 83.3%, respectively (p = 0.495) (Table 1)
This study showed that, of those in the preeclampsia group who had a result of REFER from distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) screening, only one patient had a bilateral abnormality and the rest were unilateral
Summary
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome with reduced organ perfusion resulting in the occurrence of vasospasm and endothelial activation. It is a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension that usually begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy which is accompanied by proteinuria [1]. Previous research demonstrated the complications of preeclampsia on a number of organs including the heart, brain, liver, eyes, and kidneys [3]. These complications might be caused by ischemia, vasoconstriction, and immunological reactions. Blood vessel damage to the cochlea interferes with cochlear vascularization resulting in a disruption of nutrients supply and oxygen needed by the cells in order to maintain the cochlear function [5]
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