Abstract

Background:Lifestyle behaviours are usually formed during youth or young adulthood which makes college students a particularly vulnerable group that easily can adopt unhealthy lifestyle behaviour.Aim:The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the influence of socio-demographic factors on Swedish university students’ lifestyle behaviours and self-rated health.Method:Data were collected from a convenience sample of 152 students using questionnaires consisting of a socio-demographic section followed by previously well-validated instruments. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics: t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression tests.Findings:The results of this study show that the lifestyle behaviours under study (physical activity, perceived stress and eating behaviours) as well as self-rated health can be predicted to a certain extent by socio-demographic factors such as gender, mother tongue and parents’ educational level. Male university students were shown to be physically more active than female students; the male students were less stressed and rated their overall health, fitness level and mental health higher. Female students were more prone to adopt unhealthy eating behaviours.Discussion:This study addresses gender differences and their influences on lifestyle behaviours; it provides both theoretical explanations for these differences as well as presents some practical implications of the findings.

Highlights

  • Previous studies clearly indicate that premature morbidity and mortality are primarily the result of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours (Boot, Rosiers, Meijman, & Van Hal, 2010; Dodd, Al-Nakeeb, Nevill, & Forshaw, 2010; Kvaavik, Batty, Ursin, Huxley, & Gale, 2010; World-Health-Organization, 2010)

  • The results of this study show that the lifestyle behaviours under study as well as self-rated health can be predicted to a certain extent by socio-demographic factors such as gender, mother tongue and parents’ educational level

  • The findings of this study reveal that there is a great need to address health and lifestyle of university students since their lifestyle behaviours may have an impact on their future lives and wellbeing

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Summary

Introduction

Previous studies clearly indicate that premature morbidity and mortality are primarily the result of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours (Boot, Rosiers, Meijman, & Van Hal, 2010; Dodd, Al-Nakeeb, Nevill, & Forshaw, 2010; Kvaavik, Batty, Ursin, Huxley, & Gale, 2010; World-Health-Organization, 2010). Findings: The results of this study show that the lifestyle behaviours under study (physical activity, perceived stress and eating behaviours) as well as self-rated health can be predicted to a certain extent by socio-demographic factors such as gender, mother tongue and parents’ educational level. Students find themselves in a new, challenging and competitive environment; most of them are experiencing independence and responsibility for the first time in their lives During university time they adopt new health behaviours and there may be a risk that they continue with unhealthy lifestyle choices that were established during their university years, which makes them a risk group during these years but for the rest of their lives. Many students experience stress caused by a number of factors, e.g. failing classes, competition or social pressure, which can result in other health problems such as insufficient sleeping patterns or a decrease in mental wellbeing

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