Predictive energy management and control system for PV system connected to power electric grid with periodic load shedding

Abstract

Power Electric Grid (PEG) tied Photovoltaic (PV) plus Battery Energy Storage Stations (BESS) based Micro Grids (MG) are controlled and operated inefficiently with Conventional Energy Management and Control (CEMC) schemes. CEMC schemes, (1) leave these systems on the mercy of weather with either energy shortage resulting in loss of load (LOL) or requiring huge BESS resulting in high capital and Operation & Maintenance costs, (2) cause curtailment and thus wastage of surplus PV energy (PVE), and (3) increase energy cost due to unnecessary charging of BESS from PEG. LOL and surplus PVE wastage grow even further when MG are connected to a weak PEG with periodic load shedding.This paper proposes predictive energy management and control system (PEMCS) for PV+BESS MG tied to a weak PEG with periodic load shedding. Twenty-four hours (24h) forecasts of load demand and PV potential with PEG load shedding schedule and BESS status are used as decision variables. The proposed PEMCS reduces PV energy (PVE) wastage due to curtailment, increases PV proportion locally and into PEG for PEG support, decreases unnecessary charging from the PEG, and increases savings for owner-consumer. The proposed scheme is simple, effective, and realistic, and accounts for errors in the forecasts. Results show increased proportions of PVE for both consumers and PEG, energy cost saving for consumers, and enhances weak PEG operational reliability.