Abstract
In this paper, an artificial neural network is implemented for the sake of predicting the thermal conductivity ratio of TiO2-Al2O3/water nanofluid. TiO2-Al2O3/water in the role of an innovative type of nanofluid was synthesized by the sol–gel method. The results indicated that 1.5 vol.% of nanofluids enhanced the thermal conductivity by up to 25%. It was shown that the heat transfer coefficient was linearly augmented with increasing nanoparticle concentration, but its variation with temperature was nonlinear. It should be noted that the increase in concentration may cause the particles to agglomerate, and then the thermal conductivity is reduced. The increase in temperature also increases the thermal conductivity, due to an increase in the Brownian motion and collision of particles. In this research, for the sake of predicting the thermal conductivity of TiO2-Al2O3/water nanofluid based on volumetric concentration and temperature functions, an artificial neural network is implemented. In this way, for predicting thermal conductivity, SOM (self-organizing map) and BP-LM (Back Propagation-Levenberq-Marquardt) algorithms were used. Based on the results obtained, these algorithms can be considered as an exceptional tool for predicting thermal conductivity. Additionally, the correlation coefficient values were equal to 0.938 and 0.98 when implementing the SOM and BP-LM algorithms, respectively, which is highly acceptable.
Highlights
Numerous endeavors have been made in order to enhance the performance of various applications with the help of nanotechnology [1,2,3,4]
Some studies have focused on the prediction of the thermal conductivity ratio associated with various nanofluids with the help of using experiments and artificial neural networks [20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]
An investigation has been carried out by Afrand et al [33] to estimate the thermal conductivity of MgO/water nanofluid
Summary
Numerous endeavors have been made in order to enhance the performance of various applications with the help of nanotechnology [1,2,3,4]. Zhang et al [39] used the sol–gel microemulsion method They synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles by hydrolysis of tetraizo titanium Prop Oxide with 80 Tween-Span in a microemulsion and calcined it is at different temperatures. For examining the influences of temperature variations and volume fraction on the electrical conductivity of Al2O3 nanofluids, experiments have been carried out as a function of these parameters. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermo-physical properties of TiO2-Al2O3 nanoparticles in water that can be employed as a coolant fluid with its improved thermal properties. This is accomplished by conducting experiments on various volumes of nanoparticles in water. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 697 obtained by this study, researchers can acquire exceptional information regarding the displacement of nanofluid and its properties, in which appropriate theoretical models can be achieved in the future
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