Abstract
AbstractA numerical simulation procedure is presented to predict residual stress states in multi-pass welds in oil transportation pipes. In this paper, a two-dimensional thermo-mechanical finite element model is used to calculate the temperature distribution, hardness, and the distribution of residual stresses during multi-pass welding of pipes of dissimilar metals and varying thicknesses. In this model, the temperature dependence of the thermal and mechanical properties of the material was considered. The present model was validated using the hardness measurement. Good agreement was found between the measurement and the numerical simulation results. The simulated result shows that the two-dimensional model can be effectively used to simulate the hardness test and predict the residual stress in the pipe weld. The simulation results and measurements suggest that the model with moving heat source can obtain a good prediction of residual welding stress. Both the two-dimensional and the three-dimensional modeling can be used to estimate the residual stresses in different weld regions and help saving time.
Highlights
Welding is a reliable and efficient metal joining process used in almost all industries
This is due to the large temperature gradients generated in the weld Fusion Zone (FZ), HeatAffected Zone (HAZ), and Base Metal (BM)
The conclusions drawn from the P460NH and E355K2 weld simulation results are as following:
Summary
Welding is a reliable and efficient metal joining process used in almost all industries. One of the significant problems in pipe welded structures is residual stresses caused by shrinkage of the material after the welding process. This is due to the large temperature gradients generated in the weld Fusion Zone (FZ), HeatAffected Zone (HAZ), and Base Metal (BM). Numerical simulations help to understand and predict residual stresses behaviors of complex welding phenomena in extreme conditions. Numerical simulation can be used to predict residual analysis stresses and reduce the time and economic costs associated. The prediction of residual stresses in a dissimilar pipe weld joint made of E355K2 and P460NH_1 is studied by using 2-D finite element method. The simulation hardness of the weld joint is used to validate the model and compare the simulation result with experimental hardness results
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