Prediction ability of an alternative multi-trait genomic evaluation for residual feed intake.

Abstract

Selection for feed efficiency is the goal for many genetic breeding programs in beef cattle. Residual feed intake has been included in genetic evaluations to reduce feed intake without compromising performance traits as liveweight, body gain or carcass traits. However, measuring feed intake is expensive, and only a small percentage of selection candidates are phenotyped. Genomic selection has become a very important tool to achieve effective genetic progress in these traits. Another effective strategy has been the implementation of multi-trait prediction using easily recordable predictor traits on both reference animals and candidates without phenotypes, and this could be another inexpensive way to increase accuracy. The objective of this work was to analyse and compare the prediction ability of two alternative different approaches to predict GEBVs for RFI. The population of inference was Hereford bulls in Uruguay that were genotyped candidates for to selection. The first model was the conventional univariate model for RFI and the second model was a multi-trait model which included a predictor trait (weaning weight, WW), in addition to the traits used in the first one (dry matter intake, metabolic mid test weight, average daily gain and ultrasound back fat) (DMI, MWT, ADG, UBF, respectively). GEBVs from the multi-trait model were combined using selection index theory to derive RFI values. All analyses were performed using ssGBLUP procedure. The prediction ability of both models was tested using two validation strategies (30 different replicates of random groups of animals and validation across 9 different feed intake tests). The prediction quality was assessed by the following parameters: bias, dispersion, ratio of accuracies and the relative increase in accuracy by adding phenotypic information. All parameters showed that the univariate model outperforms the multi-trait model, regardless of the validation strategy considered. These results indicate that including WW as a proxy trait in a multi-trait analysis does not improve the prediction ability when all animals to be predicted are genotyped.