Precision Nanomedicine: Lapatinib-Loaded Chitosan-Gold Nanoparticles Targeting LINC01615 for Lung Cancer Therapy.

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles as oncogenic factors in cancer progression by influencing cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis pathways. This study aims to investigate the expression changes of LINC01615 in prevalent cancers, explore its correlation with patient mortality rates, and introduce a novel therapeutic approach to reduce LINC01615 expression. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, the expression changes of LINC01615 in various cancers were analyzed, and its relationship with patient survival rates through Cox regression analysis weas assessed. Co-expressed pathways related to LINC01615 were identified via network analysis. Potential drugs to decrease LINC01615 expression were identified using the GSE38376 study. Besides, chitosan-coated nanoparticles were fabricated and functionalized with the identified drug, Lapatinib, to examine their effect on lung cancer cell lines and changes in LINC01615 expression. Our results indicated elevated LINC01615 expression in various common cancers, particularly in lung cancer, which was associated with poor prognosis in lung, breast, and kidney cancers. Co-expression network analysis suggested links to metastasis-related genes. Lapatinib, identified through GEO data, was found to modulate LINC01615 expression effectively. Chitosan-gold nanoparticles conjugated with Lapatinib significantly reduced LINC01615 expression in lung cancer cell lines while enhancing apoptosis rates. Therefore, these nanoparticles could be considered a promising therapeutic candidate for treating cancers with overexpression of LINC01615.