Precise recognition of palladium through interlaminar chelation in a covalent organic framework

Abstract

<h2>Summary</h2> Palladium isotopes as fission products in used nuclear fuel represent precious alternative resources besides its natural reserves and therefore have a high extraction value. The practical use of currently proposed solvent extraction is challenging, originating from the limited stability and separation selectivity of the extractants under harsh reprocessing conditions. Herein, we present an interlayer synergistic binding strategy, a metal-recognition manner deviating from chelation within a single ligand molecule in solvent extraction, for selective palladium chelation in a covalent organic framework. The experimental, structural, and theoretical analyses corroborate that the enol-to-keto tautomerization leads to selective synergistic chelation of Pd²⁺ instead of other undesired metal ions, where two oxygen donors from adjacent layers and two free nitrate ions work together in a planar tetracoordination model. Fast adsorption kinetics, high adsorption capacity, and one-round enrichment of Pd²⁺ from the simulated high-level nuclear waste solution are unprecedentedly achieved in the dynamic breakthrough experiment.