Precise invariant travelling wave soliton solutions of the Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov equation with dynamic assessment

Abstract

The (2 + 1)-dimensional Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov equation is a significant model that describes the behaviour of conserved scalar nucleons and their connection to neutral scalar masons. This system exhibits self-formation and depends on various free parameters. It is commonly used to study the dynamics of scalar nucleons and neutral scalar masons. This research article used an extended direct algebraic technique to obtain exact travelling wave solutions for the Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov system. The obtained soliton solutions include various types, such as multi-periodic, periodic, plane, singular, bright, dark, and flat kink-type wave solitons. We present these soliton solutions graphically by varying the involved parameters using the advanced software program Wolfram Mathematica. The graphical representations in 3D, contour, and 2D surfaces allow us to visualise the behaviour of the solutions as the parameters change and the physical interpretation for these solutions is obtained. Additionally, we conduct a sensitivity analysis to examine the wave profiles of the newly designed dynamical framework. The results of this analysis demonstrate the reliability and efficiency of the proposed method, which can be applied to find closed-form travelling wave solitary solutions for a wide range of nonlinear evolution equations.