Abstract
Diet management or caloric restriction for diabetes mellitus patients is essential in order to reduce the disease’s burden. Mathematical programming problems can help in this regard; they have a central role in optimal diet management and in the nutritional balance of food recipes. The present study employed linear optimization models such as linear, pre-emptive, and non-pre-emptive goal programming problems (LPP, PGP and NPGP) to minimize the deviations of over and under achievements of specific nutrients for optimal selection of food menus with various energy (calories) levels. Sixty-two food recipes are considered, all selected because of being commonly available for the Indian population and developed dietary intake for meal planning through optimization models. The results suggest that a variety of Indian food recipes with low glycemic values can be chosen to assist the varying glucose levels (>200 mg/dL) of Indian diabetes patients.
Highlights
Nutrition is a critical part of health and development
The food recipes considered based on dietary reference intakes with low glycemic index [26,27,28] are recommended by the NIN, Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), India and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for diabetes patients with varying levels of glucose levels (>200 mg/dL)
The initial model is derived from the linear programming problem (LPP), with energy serving as an objective function and nutrients serving as constraints
Summary
Nutrition is a critical part of health and development. Obviously, better nutrition enhances a strong immune system, lowers the risk of non-communicable diseases, and increases longevity [1]. Patients with diabetes are generally put on an approximate intake of a 1200 to 1800 calorie diet per day to promote weight loss and the maintenance of ideal body weight (for diabetic patients having glucose levels of more than 200 mg/dL in the blood) In this nutritional framework, linear programming problems play a vital role in preparing optimized diet plans with satisfying nutrient requirements. The motivation is to develop six optimized diet plans for diabetes patients with different energy levels (1104 to 1986 Calories) It mainly focuses on optimizing diet plans with varied energy levels (in calories) by satisfying the nutrient requirements of the limited menu recipes for diabetes management in India
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