Practical studies on veralization of barley in cold country.

Abstract

In snow falling region for long period, it is often to be seen that barley is completely destroyed by parasitic disease of Sclerotium species. Barley has been regarded as one of unstable crops, and this study is worked by actual reguirment of farmers who can hardly expect the prevention of the disease by drungs. This method has been practised since 1946 for the purpose of safely cultivation by means of replanting autumn-sowing-barley in spring, that is not to place barley in the field during the winter but to make it experience the season artificially in vassels. This report is the abstract of the most practical method that has ever been investigated. 1. Fertill rich soil much water and good darining is desirable for the field. If it is newly cultivated land and of strong acidity, it should be previously moderated. 2. As forma No.4-Barley is good for this method. 3. Treatment A.) Artificial Germination Treatment: 2 kilograms seeds are stirted up three time during 11st∼12nd of Feb. with pouring water of one-third of 1 litre water in each time. Then they are kept at 12°C in warm "Kotatsu" or in compost for ten days until the testas of 3∼5% of the whole will brcak up. B.) Low Temperature Treatment: This is practised often the germination. Materials are kept at O∼2°C being stirred for 40-50 days. 4. Sowing period must be kept not to delay beyond 20th of April, the amount being 14.5∼18 litres for ten acres. Material is flooded one day befor sowing. 5. Manure: grolwthing in the early time is the most important. if leaves are few, it does not come out into ear, we, therefore, must give some amount of manure of much nitrogen content towards the middle of May succeedingly. 6. Supervision: For the complete early time supervision, it is needed to take care against birds, beasts and weeds, and to sprinkle drung for the prevention of Rust. Besides, cultivating is needed at the time of succeeding manure in the middle of May. 7. Harvest-time is 15th of July. Yield is 360 litres per ten ares on the average. Beans, buckwheat and autumn vegetable are suitable for the latter cultivation. 8. In conclusion, cultivation by vernalizational treatament is very much effective for the achievement of rotation (labour distribution, higher utilization of fields, cold-weather damlge prevention) and for the prevention of paasitic disease of Sclerotium species.