Abstract
Full Duplex (FD) radio has emerged as a promising solution to increase the data rates by up to a factor of two via simultaneous transmission and reception in the same frequency band. This paper studies a novel hybrid beamforming (HYBF) design to maximize the weighted sum-rate (WSR) in a single-cell millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) FD system. Motivated by practical considerations, we assume that the multi-antenna users and hybrid FD base station (BS) suffer from the limited dynamic range (LDR) noise due to non-ideal hardware and an impairment aware HYBF approach is adopted by integrating the traditional LDR noise model in the mmWave band. In contrast to the conventional HYBF schemes, our design also considers the joint sum-power and the practical per-antenna power constraints. A novel interference, self-interference (SI) and LDR noise aware optimal power allocation scheme for the uplink (UL) users and FD BS is also presented to satisfy the joint constraints. The maximum achievable gain of a multi-user (MU) mmWave FD system over a fully digital half duplex (HD) system with different LDR noise levels and numbers of the radio-frequency (RF) chains is investigated. Simulation results show that our design outperforms the HD system with only a few RF chains at any LDR noise level. The advantage of having amplitude control at the analog stage is also examined, and additional gain for the mmWave FD system becomes evident when the number of RF chains at the hybrid FD BS is small.
Highlights
T HE REVOLUTION in wireless communications has led to an exponential increase in the data rate requirements and number of users
Beamforming is a powerful tool for Full Duplex (FD) to mitigate the SI while serving multiple users and can lead to a significant performance gain compared to a half duplex (HD) system [9]–[18]
Being HD, it is neither affected by the SI nor by the cross-interference. b) A Fully digital FD scheme with limited dynamic range (LDR) noise. This scheme sets an upper bound for the maximum achievable gain by a hybrid FD system
Summary
T HE REVOLUTION in wireless communications has led to an exponential increase in the data rate requirements and number of users. This adverse effect urges the requirement of impairment aware beamforming designs and investigating their performance in terms of the LDR noise levels such that correct conclusions on the achievable gain of FD could be drawn Such an approach for the fully digital FD systems can be adopted with the well-established LDR noise model available in [10]–[18]. B. MAIN CONTRIBUTIONS We present a novel HYBF design to maximize the weighted sum-rate (WSR) in a single-cell mmWave mMIMO FD system, i.e., for multiple multi-antenna UL and DL users. We present a novel SI, interference, cross-interference and LDR noise aware optimal power allocation scheme to meet the joint constraints. A novel SI, MU interference, cross-interference, LDR noise and practical per-antenna power constraints aware HYBF design. Optimal MU interference, SI, LDR noise and perantenna power constraints aware power allocation scheme for the hybrid FD BS and UL users. Operators |X| and |x| return a matrix of moduli of X and the modulus of scalar x, respectively
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