Abstract
Commonly, kinematic PPP techniques employ un-differenced ionosphere-free linear combination of GPS observations. This, however, may not provide continuous solution in urban areas as a result of limited satellite visibility. In this paper, the traditional un-differenced as well as between-satellite single-difference (BSSD) ionosphere-free linear combinations of GPS and GLONASS measurements are developed. Except GLONASS satellite clock products, the final precise GPS and GLONASS satellites clock and orbital products obtained from the multi-GNSS experiment (MGEX) are used. The effects of ocean loading, earth tide, carrier-phase windup, sagnac, relativity, and satellite and receiver antenna phase-center variations are rigorously modeled. Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is developed to process the combined GPS/GLONASS measurements. A comparison is made between three kinematic PPP solutions, namely standalone GPS, standalone GLONASS, and combined GPS/ GLONASS solutions. In general, the results indicate that the addition of GLONASS observations improves the kinematic positioning accuracy in comparison with the standalone GPS PPP positioning accuracy. In addition, BSSD solution is found to be superior to that of the traditional un-diffe- renced model.
Highlights
Precise point positioning (PPP) can potentially achieve centimeter- and decimeter-level accuracy in static and kinematic modes, respectively, depending on the number and geometry of visible GPS satellites, and quality ofHow to cite this paper: Abd Rabbou, M. and El-Rabbany, A. (2015) PPP Accuracy Enhancement Using GPS/GLONASS Observations in Kinematic Mode
A vehicular test was conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed combined GPS/GLONASS-PPP models
The positioning accuracy is assessed referenced to carrierphase-based differential GNSS (DGNSS) solution
Summary
Precise point positioning (PPP) can potentially achieve centimeter- and decimeter-level accuracy in static and kinematic modes, respectively, depending on the number and geometry of visible GPS satellites, and quality of. This, may not be the case in urban areas, as the satellite visibility may be limited To overcome this limitation, we propose to combine the observation of GPS and GLONASS systems. The additional GLNOASS observations are expected to enhance the PPP accuracy and solution availability, especially in dense urban areas where, in general, no sufficient number of GPS satellites are visible. Some researchers developed PPP models for combined GPS/GLONASS observations using un-differenced ionosphere-free technique ([2] and [3]). Their results showed an improvement in the positioning accuracy by adding GLONASS observations to the kinematic PPP with a limited number of available GPS satellites. The performance of the PPP accuracy of each case is assessed by comparing it with the carrier phase-based differential GNSS (DGNSS) solution
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