PP.16.15

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyses the major risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients with ischemic heart disease in the state of Kerala in South India. Design and method: Study was done among randomly selected 496 patients who were admitted in the Department of Cardiology – in a tertiary Cardiac hospital in the state of Kerala in South India during the month of June –December 2012. Patients included for the study were those with Coronary artery disease, either with Acute Coronary Syndrome or with angiographic, ECG or stress test evidence for Ischemic heart disease. Risk factors studied were the conventional risk factors for Coronary artery disease- Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemia, Body Mass index, Smoking and Family History of Coronary artery disease. Data collected from the patients, old medical records, Clinical Examination and Laboratory results of the patients were analyzed for the study. Results: From the study, it was seen that in Keralites-irrespective of gender, diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (79%) and dyslipidemia (71%) are the major risk factor for Coronary artery disease. Hypertension (39%) and cigarette smoking (24%) were not seen to be a major risk factors for coronary artery disease as only a minority of the study population had hypertension or gives a history of cigarette smoking. 57% of the study population had a family history of coronary artery disease. Among the studied population, 55% of females are with increased BMI, whereas only 16% of males with CAD were with BMI above 30. Conclusions: Among South Indian population in the state of Kerala irrespective of gender, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are the major Risk factor for Coronary artery disease. So early detection of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia and proper treatment of both, before developing the end organ damage, play a vital role for the prevention of coronary artery disease.