Abstract
Powder technology is used to immobilize medium level nuclear waste (MLW) in sintered glass. By in-can hot pressing (temperature 923 K; pressure 0.4 MPa; heating rate ≈ 100 K/h; cooling rate 5 K/h) glass products containing simulated MLW (20 wt%) have been produced in stackable steel cans (⩽ 300 mm diameter). High densities (≈ 93% TD), bulk integrities and homogeneities for the waste element distributions are realized. The advantages of powder technology as, for example: (i) no segregation due to solid state vitrification, (ii) low evaporation losses and no compatibility problems due to low densification temperatures (sinter temperature ≈ 0.6 softening temperature of glass), (iii) production in easily arrangable and interchangeable stacking units at modest pressures adequate especially for the use in hot cells under remote handling conditions, all together hold for the process which therefore is appropriated for high level waste (HLW), medium level waste and HLW/MLW common vitrification as well.
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