Poultry sub-sector and fodder production in the Republic of Kazakhstan: current trends and prospects

Abstract

The goal is to analyze and identify the range of problems in the development of forage base in Kazakhstan as one of the main factors influencing on the development of poultry farming. Methods – the methods of graphical and general scientific analysis, including analytical and statistical, were used in the article. Within the framework of the analytical method, an analysis of the development of poultry sub-sector and forage bases in the regions of Kazakhstan was done. With the help of the statistical method, a review of the sown areas, the number of poultry in the context of the regions of the republic was carried out. The main sources of the study were statistical and empirical data on the development of the country's poultry industry. Results – by applying the index method of statistical analysis, the calculation of the consumption of forage base per unit of physical poultry heads was done, an analysis of the provision of the poultry subsector with a forage base in dynamics was conducted, and regions of Kazakhstan that have priority opportunities for expanding the sown forage areas were identified. An analysis of the structure of fodder crops was done. Most of the forage acreage falls on fodder corn, the smallest part - on melons. Forage areas for cereals amounted to 12,815 ha, fodder legumes – about 8,224 ha, fodder root crops – about 4,603 ha and silage – about 9,173 ha. The analysis of the dynamics of the volumes of fodder crops, the number of livestock and poultry shows that a direct impact on the formation of domestic needs for ready-made fodder shows an increase in the number of livestock and poultry. Conclusions – recommendations on the increase the volume of poultry production, sown areas for fodder crops have been developed. It is necessary to envisage the possibility of reimbursement of part (20%) of costs of poultry sub-sector, including the construction/expansion of feed mills in the State special investment project; expansion of poultry farms for production of freshly chilled meat; creation and expansion of enterprises for processing, procurement, transportation of poultry meat.