Abstract
The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal volume of fodder and grain-fodder crops of appropriate quality to meet the needs of the livestock industry using a systemic comparative economic approach. For the economic assessment of crops for fodder purposes, a systemic comparative economic approach to their production efficiency has been developed. Accounting was carried out according to the three most important indicators in fodder units: quantitative indicators—productivity per hectare of sowing, qualitative—the content of vegetable protein and cost—the production cost. Oats were taken as the primary culture. Their comparison made it possible to determine economically interrelated partial indices, which are reduced to the index of the systemic comparative economic approach, which contributes to optimizing the structure of the cultivated areas of these crops. This technique allows to determine each forage crop’s location in each farm or region’s conditions, analyzing the real situation and assessing the prospects for the development of production. The optimal structure of sown areas for grain-fodder and fodder crops, focused on the cultivation of high-protein crops, for the enterprises of the Northern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is proposed. Due to a change in sown areas’ structure, the gross harvest increases by 8%, digestible protein by 2%, and reduced production costs by 48%.
Highlights
In the complex of measures aimed at increasing livestock products’ production, it is essential to create a solid feed base to fully provide animals with highly efficient feed, balanced in proteins and other components
This study aims to determine the optimal volume of forage and forage crops of appropriate quality to meet the livestock industry’s needs
The objectives of this study were: 1. development of a methodology for a systemic comparative economic approach to the efficiency of feed production; 2. determination of the required structure of sown areas of grain-fodder and forage crops; 3. conducting an economic assessment of applying the systemic comparative economic approach for gross harvest, production costs and digestible protein. Such indicators are used as net productivity per hectare of sowing, the yield of digestible protein and the cost of a unit of production to determine the economic efficiency of crops for fodder purposes
Summary
In the complex of measures aimed at increasing livestock products’ production, it is essential to create a solid feed base to fully provide animals with highly efficient feed, balanced in proteins and other components. In 2021 compared to 2020, feed production increased by 1%, i.e., to 1187.7 million tons. China showed an increase of 5% and regained its position as the leader in feed production with an indicator of 240 million tons. In. Lukyanova et al Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2021) 10:48 general, these countries account for 63% of world feed production, and they can be considered an indicator of general trends in agriculture (Alltech, n.d.). The rearing efficiency is mainly due to an increase in the conversion rate of feed into muscle, adipose and bone tissue, ensuring a high level of productivity of young animals. The feed composition must be balanced in all nutrients and include the required amount of concentrates, hay, silage and green feed (Aligazieva et al, 2020; Zakirova et al, 2020)
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