Abstract
The proximate composition, pepsin digestibility, gross energy and macro mineral contents of 12 composite samples of poultry offal meal produced in Sri Lanka were analyzed. The average dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, in vitro pepsin digestibility and gross energy of poultry offal meal were 92.3, 6.9, 48.9, 2.1, 32.4, 83.8% and 23.6 MJ kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The average Ca, P and Mg contents were 2.36, 1.10 and 0.09%, respectively. The replacement value of poultry offal meal for soybean meal and the effect of supplementation of poultry offal meal by dietary enzymes (Solid state fermentation and Lipase) on the performance of Japanese quails fed isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were studied in two experiments. Unsexed Japanese quails (13 days old; N=200) were randomly assigned to twenty groups. In experiment 1, poultry offal meal was incorporated at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% of the diets and fed until 15 weeks of age. In experiment 2, the performance of Japanese quails fed with diets containing 0, 5 and 10% poultry offal meal was investigated. Enzyme effect was tested with diets containing 5 and 10% poultry offal meal. Cost benefit analyses were carried out to find out the most cost effective treatment. The quails fed with diets containing 5 and 10% poultry offal meal produced higher number of eggs (P<0.05) than those fed with 2.5 and 7.5% poultry offal meal containing diets. Supplementation of enzymes improved egg production by 21.9% only when 5% poultry offal meal was incorporated into the diet. The diet having 10% poultry offal meal was identified as the most cost effective treatment in terms of feed cost per kg live weight gain whereas 5% poultry offal meal diet was the best in terms of feed cost per kg eggs. Incorporation of poultry offal meal at 10% level cut down the feed cost per kg live weight gain by 4.6% as compared to the control diet. Cost benefit analysis showed that diet with 10% was the most cost effective. Enzyme supplementation cut down the mean feed cost per kg eggs by 26.9% only in the diets with 5% poultry offal meal level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tar.v21i3.3306 <em>TAR </em>2010; 21(3): 293-307
Highlights
Feed cost is the major determinant of profitability in poultry production accounting for 7080% of total cost of production (Daghir, 1975) and Sri Lanka is no exception
Poultry offal meal, which is produced by rendering poultry processing wastes including head, feet, viscera, fat, blood and feathers together with hatchery wastes, is the most common by-product meal derived from poultry processing in Sri Lanka (Samarasinghe, 2007)
The dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), Ca, P, Mg and in vitro pepsin digestibility of the poultry offal meal (POM) samples were determined according to AOAC (2002) procedures, and the gross energy was determined by an adiabatic oxygen bomb calorimeter
Summary
Feed cost is the major determinant of profitability in poultry production accounting for 7080% of total cost of production (Daghir, 1975) and Sri Lanka is no exception. Research on finding alternative feed ingredients available in Sri Lanka, where protein supplements is a major challenge, is important. Large quantities of poultry offal, which can be used as a valuable source of protein, mineral and fat for feeding livestock species, are wasted in Sri Lanka leading to environmental hazards. The use of poultry offal meal (POM) in poultry feeds will conserve environment, reduce cost of production and leave savings on foreign exchange by reducing the volume of importation of protein supplements (Escalona and Pesti, 1987). The evaluation of alternative feed stuffs such as POM generally focus on replacing conventional, high cost protein supplements due to its low cost and high crude protein content
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