Potentials in synthesizing nanostructured silver particles

Abstract

Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is the apparent metallic nanoparticle formed through the advancement of nanotechnology by the reduction of the silver metal to its nuclear size. The synthesis of AgNP involves few methods such as physical, chemical and biological. The interest on green synthesis of AgNP has focused for it’s eco-friendly and efficient method in contrast with the synthesis of AgNP by chemical and physical methods. Biological method under green synthesis varies with the type of reducing agent used such as microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) and plants and its extractions. Apart from several green syntheses, plant extraction under biological method is deliberated for the synthesis of AgNP. The leaves, stems, and barks of plants are used as reducing agents where its extractions able to synthesize AgNP. Capping agents are used in the synthesis of AgNP besides reducing agents for the stabilization of AgNP synthesized. The size and structure of AgNP synthesized could be characterized by transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy disperse spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. In this review, we discuss the synthesis of AgNP by plants extracts in contrast with the several other synthesis methods and its applications to medical field.