Abstract
Evidence from observational and in vitro studies suggests that insulin growth-factor-binding protein type 2 (IGFBP2) is a promising protein in non-communicable diseases, such as obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, or type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, great efforts have been carried out to explore the role of IGFBP2 in obesity state and insulin-related diseases, which it is typically found decreased. However, the physiological pathways have not been explored yet, and the relevance of IGFBP2 as an important pathway integrator of metabolic disorders is still unknown. Here, we review and discuss the molecular structure of IGFBP2 as the first element of regulating the expression of IGFBP2. We highlight an update of the association between low serum IGFBP2 and an increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and low insulin sensitivity. We hypothesize mechanisms of IGFBP2 on the development of obesity and insulin resistance in an insulin-independent manner, which meant that could be evaluated as a therapeutic target. Finally, we cover the most interesting lifestyle modifications that regulate IGFBP2, since lifestyle factors (diet and/or physical activity) are associated with important variations in serum IGFBP2.
Highlights
Published: 24 January 2021Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are growth peptides, that are implicated in mammalian development, growth and cell proliferation and differentiation [1]
The major conclusions that can be drawn from this review are that insulin growth-factorbinding protein type 2 (IGFBP2) is sensitive to relevant changes in our lifestyle
Restoring IGFBP2 levels by a lifestyle modification program or by new therapeutic strategies could be interesting, in which increased levels of IGFBP2 are associated with improvements of metabolic variables in obesity and insulin sensitivity
Summary
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are growth peptides, that are implicated in mammalian development, growth and cell proliferation and differentiation [1]. The IGFBP family members share similar structure and molecular organization, which is suggestive of similar mechanism of action, whereas they have different modes of regulation and distinct expression patterns [3]. In this wise, IGFBP2 is a key member that participates in different physiological and metabolic processes. We provide an update of the association between low serum IGFBP2 and an increased risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, as well as insulin resistance. We review the main risk factors that are associated with low serum levels of IGFBP2, since these factors may be considered for the prevention strategies and treatment of obesity-related insulin resistance
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