Abstract
This study evaluated the potential relationship between exosomal miRNAs and clinical symptoms in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Forty-eight newly diagnosed myeloma patients and sixteen normal donors were enrolled in the study. The results showed that the relative expression levels of let-7c-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-140-3p, miR-185-5p, and miR-425-5p in the exosomes of MM patients were significantly lower than those of healthy controls. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the clinical characteristics of myeloma, such as kidney damage, while the expression levels of the same miRNA in exosomes and serum are not correlated. The expression of exosomal miRNA is related to the expression levels of clinical feature-related factors, such as creatinine, β2-microglobulin, β-CTX, and IL-6 in serum. Establishing this relationship could contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of MM.
Highlights
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor characterized by the expansion and proliferation of abnormal monoclonal plasma cells. e clinical features of MM mainly involve bone destruction, renal damage, anemia, and immune changes, which are usually attributed to the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulins from tumor cells [1]
Myeloma is mainly characterized by abnormal secretion of cytokines, abnormal activation of oncogenes, and molecular genetic abnormalities, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of myeloma diseases
We examined miRNA profiles in MM serum exosomes and calculated uniquely expressed miRNAs. e expression level of specific miRNAs was verified in patients with multiple myeloma. e expression level of miRNA in exosomes in serum was analyzed with the clinical manifestations of the disease
Summary
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor characterized by the expansion and proliferation of abnormal monoclonal plasma cells. e clinical features of MM mainly involve bone destruction, renal damage, anemia, and immune changes, which are usually attributed to the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulins from tumor cells [1]. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor characterized by the expansion and proliferation of abnormal monoclonal plasma cells. MiRNAs are involved in a variety of health issues and abnormal metabolic reactions such as cell proliferation, tumor invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and cancer immunity. Exosomes are small membrane vesicle structures derived from various body fluids, such as plasma and urine, which contain a variety of information factors, including mRNA and miRNA, and small molecular proteins. Studies have shown that exosomal miRNA can be used as a diagnostic factor for a variety of malignancies including MM [6, 7]. E aim of this study was to explore the differential expression of serum exosomal miRNAs in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and healthy control (HC) individuals as well as their relevance to the clinical symptoms of MM to explore its underlying mechanisms. Considering the complexity and high cost of the extraction of exosomal miRNA, whether the detection of exosome miRNA could be replaced by serum miRNA is a problem that needs to be explored in this study
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