Abstract
Gastric ulcer is one of the major gastrointestinal disorders affecting people worldwide. Despite medical advances, management of gastric ulcer and its complications remains a challenge facing medicine nowadays. In addition, currently available medicines exhibited limited efficacy and several side effects. Chrysin is a naturally occurring flavonoid with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, it may play a pivotal part in management of gastric ulcer. The current research suggested that chrysin possesses a potential protective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer via the underlying anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Chrysin was administered to spargue-Dawly rats (200-220 gm) at three different doses; 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, single oral dose (S.O.D) compared to omeprazole given at a dose of 30 mg/kg, S.O.D. Indomethacin was administered at a dose of 48 mg/kg, S.O.D. As indicators of oxidative stress, indomethacin treatment caused significant reduction in catalase enzyme activity. Chrysin pretreatment significally attenuated indomethacin-induced oxidative injury. Additionally, indomethacin provoked inflammatory responses via increasing the level of tumor necrosis factor-ɑ while chrysin pretreatment significally inhibited those inflammatory responses. Furthermore, indomethacin was found to increase acidity in stomach leading to gastric mucosal injury while chrysin pretreatment lead to returnin acidity nearly to normal reducing gastric mucoal injury. Collectively, these findings indicate that chrysin possesses a potential protective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer via suppressing acidity, oxidative stress and inflammation.
Highlights
Stomach tissue is formed of several layers which are mucosal layer, submucosal layer, serosa, muscularis mucosa and smooth muscle
The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential protective effects of the natural product chrysin against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer as well as the possible underlying anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms compared to omeprazole
Using the above discussed model, chrysin was used with three different doses 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg to study the possible underlying mechanisms compared to omeprazole
Summary
Stomach tissue is formed of several layers which are mucosal layer, submucosal layer, serosa, muscularis mucosa and smooth muscle. Gastric ulcer is one of the major gastrointestinal disorders affecting people worldwide. It could develop due to the disbalance of some endogenous aggressive factors (gastric acid, pepsin, leukotrienes) and gastroprotective factors, such as mucus, bicarbonate, prostaglandins, mucosal blood flow, and some growth factors (Mota et al, 2009). Gastric ulcer is the most predominant of the gastrointestinal diseases with a worldwide prevalence of about 40% in the developed countries and 80% in the developing countries (Malfertheiner et al, 2009). Complications as bleeding, perforation and gastric outlet obstruction are encountered in 10%-20% of these patients. Perforated gastric ulcer is a quite rare, but life threatening disease and the mortality varies from 10%-40% (Zelickson et al, 2011)
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