Abstract
At the beginning of 2020, a sudden outbreak of new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), infections led to anxiety, panic, and crisis among people worldwide. The outbreak first occurred in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019 and then spread rapidly across the globe, thus becoming a major public health emergency. Although the current epidemic situation in China tends to be stable, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread globally. At present, no specific therapeutic drugs and vaccines are available against COVID-19. Also, the pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 is not fully clear. Human immunity is important in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Studies have shown that excessive inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent induced uncontrolled cytokine storm are the main causes of disease deterioration and death of severe patients. Therefore, immune-related research is of great significance for the prevention, control, and prognosis of COVID-19. This study aimed to review the latest research on immune-related treatment of COVID-19.
Highlights
In late December 2019, several patients with pneumonia of unknown etiology were detected in Wuhan, China
Corticosteroids in COVID-19 Studies have shown that critically ill COVID-19 patients can develop a systemic inflammatory response, and uncontrolled cytokine storm caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection subsequently leads to lung injury, multisystem organ dysfunction, and eventually death
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), showing that most SARS-CoV-specific antibodies did not bind to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD obviously except for CR3022, and its binding epitope on the SARS-CoV-2 RBD did not overlap with that of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)
Summary
In late December 2019, several patients with pneumonia of unknown etiology were detected in Wuhan, China. They were diagnosed with viral pneumonia, and the pathogen was subsequently isolated from patient samples. Cellular immunity and neutralizing antibodies are important in protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines must induce strong cellular immunity and a high titer of neutralizing antibodies to fully protect vaccinated individuals. Current potential antiviral therapies are divided mainly into two aspects based on their action targets: 1) directly targeting the SARS-CoV-2 and 2) modulating immune cells or system. This study summarized mainly the research progress of potential treatment related to immunity. As a safe and effective antiviral treatment against this epidemic is urgently needed, a series of studies are ongoing, including prevention and therapies
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
