Potential of few fungicides and plant extracts for managing charcoal rot of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Gold. in Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract

Charcoal rot disease of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a serious problem in most of the soybean growing area of Madhya Pradesh. In this study, seven plant extracts viz., leaves of Azadirachta indica, Citrus limon, Polyalthia longifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus and Ricinus communis, bulb of Allium sativum and Allium cepa and eight fungicides viz., Captan (0.25%), Mancozeb (0.25%), Carbendazim + Mancozeb (25%), Thiophanate Methyl (0.1%), Pyraclostrobin (0.2%), Carbendazim (0.1%) and Blue copper (0.3% ) were evaluated for an effective management of charcoal rot of soybean caused by M. phaseolina (Tassi) Goid under in vitro and in vivo condition. Among plant extracts, garlic clove extract was found most effective showing 77.3 % growth inhibition and poor microslerotia formation of M. phaseolina by 77.3 % followed by parthenium leaf extract (75.2% inhibition) at 15 % concentration. Two soil drenching of garlic clove extracts @ 15.0 % concentration also found most effective for the management of disease under field condition recorded minimum disease incidence (13.5%) and highest yield (14.6q/ha). Among fungicides, Carbendazim (0.1%) and Thiophanate Methyl (0.1%) showed 100 % inhibition of radial growth and microsclerotia production of M phaseolina under in vitro condition. Two soil drenching of Carbendazim @ 0.1% found to be most effective for the management of charcoal rot of soybean under field condition showing minimum disease incidence (5.36%) and producing highest yield (16.0 q/ha) followed by Thiophanate Methyl. These results suggested that the toxic effect of Carbendazim and Thiophanate Methyl and A. sativum inhibited maximum mycelium growth in vitro and provide management of charcoal rot disease under field conditions.