Abstract

With the continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy on the power grid, the stability of the grid is affected, and energy storage technology emerges as a major solution to address such challenges. In comparison to traditional energy storage technologies like batteries and pumped storage, gravity energy storage stands out as an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and easily implementable energy storage method. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of four primary gravity energy storage forms in terms of technical principles, application practices, and potentials. These forms include Tower Gravity Energy Storage (TGES), Mountain Gravity Energy Storage (MGES), Advanced Rail Energy Storage (ARES), and Shaft Gravity Energy Storage (SGES). The advantages and disadvantages of each technology are analyzed to provide insights for the development of gravity energy storage.

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