Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to find psychochemical properties of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained from α-cellulose kapok pericarpium. Methods: The cellulase activity was screened by clear zone and sugar reduction method. The enzym from selected mold was purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) chromatography. α-cellulose of kapok pericarpium was hydrolyzed using the purified cellulase enzymes. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, and qualitative analysis test. The samples were characterized for pH test, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and particle size analyzer (PSA). Results: The optimum cellulase activity was shown by Penicillium vermiculatum. It’s clear zone diameter around 3 cm and the cellulase activity was 67.73±0.25 mU/ml. The strongest cellulase activity was detected from 1st fraction (P1) out of 6 column fractions with optimum activity at 1.177±2 mU/ml. The optimal conditions for microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) preparation were at 50 ˚C, for 2 ours, using 20 ml of acetate buffer pH 5 and 2 ml of cellulase enzyme. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained at 78% w/w and its FTIR spectrum and x-ray diffractogram similar to reference while the pH of MCC was fulfilled requirements of The United States Pharmacopoeia 2007. Conclusion: The use of purified enzyme of cellulase has succeded in microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) preparation andmicrocrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained was 78% w/w, with similar characteristics to reference (Avicel PH 101) and the pH of MCC was fulfilled requirements of The United States Pharmacopoeia 2007.
Highlights
The kapok tree, Ceiba pentandra, formerly Bombacaceae family, is cultivated widely in southeast asia, as well as other parts of east Asia and Africa
High cellulosic content of kapok fiber indicated its potential as source for microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), which is micro-sized crystalline part extracted from cellulose [3]
The cellulase activity was calculated using UV-VIS spectrophotometershowed that Penicillium vermiculatum had a low glucose level (48.79 ppm) with cellulase activity of 0.0677 U/ml
Summary
The kapok tree, Ceiba pentandra, formerly Bombacaceae family, is cultivated widely in southeast asia, as well as other parts of east Asia and Africa. High cellulosic content of kapok fiber indicated its potential as source for microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), which is micro-sized crystalline part extracted from cellulose [3]. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is an additional material that is used in the wide range of pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics, and other industries. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is one of the most important tableting excipients due to its outstanding dry binding properties, enabling the manufacture of tablets by direct compression (DC) [4, 5] and it is most common excipient utilized for the production of pellets via extrusion spheronisation technique. According to Rasha and Myasar (2018), drug formula that was prepared with MCC showed the shortest disintegration, flow properties ranged from good to fair [7]
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