Potential of Anthelmintic Herbal Drugs against Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Farm Animals: A Review

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) nematode infections are one of the most prevalent and significant problems in livestock worldwide. This study aimed to review the potential of anthelmintic herbal drugs against gastrointestinal nematodes in farm animals. Anthelmintic drugs are the most common method of controlling GI nematodes since they are simple, cheap, and provide therapeutic and prophylactic protection. However, the problem has become complicated due to the emergence of resistance to anthelmintic drugs because anthelmintic drugs are used indiscriminately to treat parasitic diseases. Anthelmintic resistance in GI nematodes of ruminants is a global problem. Many domestic animals possess multi-class resistance to all classes of anthelmintics. Synthetic anthelmintics could be unsafe as they can cause side effects and toxicity. Therefore, plants are used to develop and discover novel substances acting as anthelmintics. Herbal drugs have become increasingly popular because of their fewer side effects in recent years. Consequently, the demand for herbal formulations of anthelmintic drugs is increasing. The development of instrumental analysis accelerates the preparation of phytochemical constituents and their standardization, and this field is becoming critical for research.