Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising source for tissue engineering of soft connective tissues. However, the differentiation capacity of MSCs varies among individual cell lines. Here, we show marker genes to predict the adipogenic potential of MSCs. To clarify the correlation between gene expression patterns before adipogenic induction and the differentiation level of MSCs after differentiation, we compared mRNA levels of 95 genes and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activities in 15 MSC lines (five jaw and 10 ilium MSCs) from 15 donors. Expression profiles of 22 genes before differentiation significantly correlated with GPDH activities after differentiation. Expression levels of 11 out of the 22 genes in highly potent ilium MSCs were at least three times higher compared with jaw MSCs, which have limited differentiation potential. Furthermore, three-dimensional scatter plot for mRNA expression of ITGA5, CDKN2D, and CD74 could completely distinguish highly potent MSCs from poorly potent MSCs for adipogenesis. The treatment of MSC cultures with the anti-ITGA5 antibody reduced adipogenic differentiation of MSCs. Collectively, these results suggest that the three genes play a role in adipogenesis before induction and can serve as predictors to select potent MSCs for adipogenic differentiation.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be used in regenerative medicine to treat various tissue defects [1,2,3]
The ability of MSCs to differentiate into a distinct type of cells, such as adipocytes, is thought to vary among MSCs isolated from different tissues and/or donors
We measured the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), an adipogenic differentiation marker, in 15 different MSCs from 15 donors at 28 days after induction of adipogenesis
Summary
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be used in regenerative medicine to treat various tissue defects [1,2,3]. Adipose tissue engineering was developed to reconstruct soft tissue with defects caused by trauma or resection of tumors. Since adipose tissue transplantation did not provide promising results, stem cell transplantation is gaining support as another strategy for restoring soft tissue defects [4]. Stem cells such as MSCs can proliferate and differentiate into various types of cells, MSCs obtained from different sources may differ in potential or direction of differentiation [5,6,7]. For the reconstruction of soft connective tissues, cells capable of differentiating into adipocytes are.
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