Potential lineage transmission within the active microbiota of the eggs and the nauplii of the shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris: possible influence of the rearing water and more.

Carolane Giraud,Jean-René Mailliez,Nelly Wabete,Dominique Ansquer,Viviane Boulo,Dominique Pham,Nolwenn Callac,Maxime Beauvais,Nazha Selmaoui-Folcher

doi:10.7717/peerj.12241

Abstract

BackgroundMicrobial communities associated with animals are known to be key elements in the development of their hosts. In marine environments, these communities are largely under the influence of the surrounding water. In aquaculture, understanding the interactions existing between the microbiotas of farmed species and their rearing environment could help establish precise bacterial management.MethodIn light of these facts, we studied the active microbial communities associated with the eggs and the nauplii of the Pacific blue shrimp (Litopenaeus stylirostris) and their rearing water. All samples were collected in September 2018, November 2018 and February 2019. After RNA extractions, two distinct Illumina HiSeq sequencings were performed. Due to different sequencing depths and in order to compare samples, data were normalized using the Count Per Million method.ResultsWe found a core microbiota made of taxa related to Aestuariibacter, Alteromonas, Vibrio, SAR11, HIMB11, AEGEAN 169 marine group and Candidatus Endobugula associated with all the samples indicating that these bacterial communities could be transferred from the water to the animals. We also highlighted specific bacterial taxa in the eggs and the nauplii affiliated to Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Acinetobacter, Labrenzia, Rothia, Thalassolituus, Marinobacter, Aureispira, Oleiphilus, Profundimonas and Marinobacterium genera suggesting a possible prokaryotic vertical transmission from the breeders to their offspring. This study is the first to focus on the active microbiota associated with early developmental stages of a farmed shrimp species and could serve as a basis to comprehend the microbial interactions involved throughout the whole rearing process.

Highlights

It is widely recognized that microorganisms, and more prokaryotes, colonize all types of habitats (Whitman, Coleman & Wiebe, 1998; Mora et al, 2011) and are involved in crucial reactions in various biogeochemical cycles (Falkowski, Fenchel & Delong, 2008)
We found specific taxa related to Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Acinetobacter, Labrenzia, Rothia, Thalassolituus, Marinobacter, Aureispira, Oleiphilus, Profundimonas and Marinobacterium genera in the eggs and the nauplii that were not found in the water samples and could have been vertically transmitted from the breeders
This study is the first to focus on the active microbiota of the eggs and the nauplii of a farmed shrimp species while considering the impact of the rearing water

Summary

Introduction

It is widely recognized that microorganisms, and more prokaryotes, colonize all types of habitats (Whitman, Coleman & Wiebe, 1998; Mora et al, 2011) and are involved in crucial reactions in various biogeochemical cycles (Falkowski, Fenchel & Delong, 2008). Mammals, fishes) or their exoskeleton (crustaceans) as well as their digestive and respiratory systems (Apprill, 2017) These communities are largely influenced by the marine environment which is colonized by all types of microorganisms (Sehnal et al, 2021). Understanding the interactions that exist between the microbial communities associated with the rearing water and the different larval stages of L. stylirostris could help lead to precise bacterial management during shrimp farming. In light of these facts, we studied the active microbial communities associated with the eggs and the nauplii of the Pacific blue shrimp (Litopenaeus stylirostris) and their rearing water. This study is the first to focus on the active microbiota associated with early developmental stages of a farmed shrimp species and could serve as a basis to comprehend the microbial interactions involved throughout the whole rearing process

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