Abstract
Biodiesel is a viable alternative to petroleum-based fuels due to its potential to lower greenhouse gas emissions. Recently, the utilization of waste biomass materials for the production of fuels and other energy products has been explored. In this current study, a potential heterogeneous solid catalyst was obtained from pineapple waste peels and graphite oxide (GO). Its potential for transesterification in biodiesel production was investigated using the impregnation mass ratio of 1 GO: 3 pineapple waste. The methanol to coconut oil molar ratio of 18:1, impregnation temperature of 80 °C and H3PO4 activating agent were found to yield the highest fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 53.71%.
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