Abstract
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tools are becoming quite popular for a variety of operations. One such tool, ChatGPT, is rapidly permeating into people's daily lives and is considered to have the potential to reshape our society. While private organizations are spending huge amounts of money on ChatGPT, its usage in the public domain is still driven by its open access and simple functionality. This study draws on the key concepts of ‘Effective Use’ theory: Transparent Interaction, Representational Fidelity, Informed Action, and Learning and Adaptation to examine ChatGPT's current state of diffusion in four public sector domains: transportation, healthcare, agriculture, and law. We find transparent interaction is better in transportation, agriculture, and law than healthcare; representational fidelity presents a complex picture whereas informed action has been positive across domains; and learning and adaptation is an ongoing need. We conclude with various suggestions related to research and policy towards boosting GenAI's adoption. We suggest that governments invest resources and develop new regulatory frameworks considering the specific context and use cases for leveraging the enormous potential of GenAI tools in the public domain.
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