Abstract
PurposePositron emission tomography (PET) in non-human primates (NHP) is commonly performed under anesthesia, with sevoflurane being a widely used inhaled anesthetic. PET measurement in NHP can be repeated, and a difference in radioligand kinetics has previously been observed between the first and second PET measurement on the same day using sevoflurane anesthesia. In this study, we evaluated the effect of prolonged sevoflurane anesthesia on kinetics and binding potential (BPND) of [11C]raclopride in NHP.ProceduresThree cynomolgus monkeys underwent two to three PET measurements with [11C]raclopride under continuous sevoflurane anesthesia on the same day. The concentration of sevoflurane was adjusted according to the general conditions and safety parameters of the NHP. Time to peak (TTP) radioactivity in the striatum was estimated from time-activity curves (TACs). The BPND in the striatum was calculated by the simplified reference tissue model using the cerebellum as reference region.ResultsIn each NHP, the TTP became shorter in the later PET measurements than in the first one. Across all measurements (n = 8), concentration of sevoflurane correlated with TTP (Spearman’s ρ = − 0.79, p = 0.03), but not with BPND (ρ = − 0.25, p = 0.55).ConclusionsThese data suggest that sevoflurane affects the shape of TACs but has no evident effect on BPND in consecutive PET measurements.
Highlights
Positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used for examination of radioligand binding to receptors, enzymes, and transporters in the non-human primate (NHP) andR
We evaluated the change of brain kinetics of [11C]raclopride, especially the shift of time to peak (TTP), in relation to the concentration or duration of sevoflurane using repeated PET measurements in NHPs on the same day
Anesthesia was induced by intramuscular injection of ketamine hydrochloride at Astrid Fagraeus Laboratory (AFL), and NHPs were transported to the Karolinska Institutet PET center
Summary
Positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used for examination of radioligand binding to receptors, enzymes, and transporters in the non-human primate (NHP) andR. PET studies in NHP are most often performed under anesthesia to maintain the position of the head during time of data acquisition. Inhalational anesthesia such as sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane is the most often used method for NHP study. PET measurement in NHP can typically be performed up to three times in one experimental day [3,4,5] Such series of measurements allows for estimation of the blocking or displacement effect of drugs, release of neurotransmitters in different conditions, or assessment of the test-retest reproducibility of a PET radioligand, in a single day. The concentration of anesthesia is practically adjusted to the condition of the individual NHP, and may vary over time
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