Potential degradation and colonization time of ruminal microorganisms on the particles of different oilseeds-crushed, and its chemical composition

Rafael Henrique De Tonissi Buschinelli De Goes Goes,Kennyson Alves De Souza,Milene Puntel Osmari,Nayara Gonçalves Da Silva,Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra,Thiago José De Lira Cardoso,Luiz Carlos Ferreira De Souza,Raquel Tenório De Oliveira

doi:10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-48122

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate by-product of the biodiesel industry as canola, safflower, forage turnip, and soybean crushed on the chemical composition, in situ degradability, and colonization time. Canola (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), forage turnip (Raphanus stivus L. var. oleiferus Metzg), and soybean (Glycine max) grains went through the oil extraction process by means of a cold pressing, resulting in the oilseeds-crushed. The treatments identification included: CAN – Canola crushed; SAF – Safflower crushed; TUR – Forage turnip crushed; and SOY – Soybean crushed. The oilseed-crushed treatments were quantified about mineral (calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, phosphorus and potassium), chemical composition (dry matter, ash, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrient contents), In situ degradability, and colonization time. Magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc showed the greater values for TUR treatment 3.46, 27.4, 39.8, respectively, when compared to the other oilseed-crushed treatments. The TUR treatment had the lowest organic matter, whereas had the greater (p≤0.05; TUR and SOY treatments) for the non-fibrous carbohydrates. Ether extract was not affected (p>0.05) with the different oilseed-crushed treatments. Neutral detergent fiber was affected (p≤0.05) for CAN and SAF treatments with the greater values, 344 and 500 g/kg of dry matter, respectively. Soluble and potentially degradable fractions for SAF treatment showed similar results. Whereas the constant rate of degradation, presented the lowest value when compared to the other treatments. Effective degradability of crude protein was greater for CAN 63.2% than SOY 65.9% treatment, which had the lowest value. Potential degradability of crude protein did not differ between treatments. Colonization time for dry matter and crude protein were similar between TUR and SOY treatments. In conclusion, oilseeds-crushed from the biodiesel production can be targeted/used, as feed with great protein and energetic potential in the ruminant’s production, considering the need of correct formulation and ingredients knowledge.

Highlights

The performance of ruminants depends in part on the production of microbial protein, for this reason, carbohydrates and proteins are important nutrients used in feeding these animals as substrates for the microbial protein synthesis.Ingredients that present protein from natural sources are usually expensive, but the inclusion of nitrogen compounds of non-protein origin in the diet makes it possible to reduce production costs, since it has a lower price per unit of protein equivalent
This study was carried out to evaluate by-product of the biodiesel industry as canola, safflower, forage turnip, and soybean crushed on the chemical composition, in situ degradability, and colonization time
Canola (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), forage turnip (Raphanus stivus L. var. oleiferus Metzg), and soybean (Glycine max) grains went through the oil extraction process by means of a cold pressing, resulting in the oilseeds-crushed

Summary

Introduction

The performance of ruminants depends in part on the production of microbial protein, for this reason, carbohydrates and proteins are important nutrients used in feeding these animals as substrates for the microbial protein synthesis.Ingredients that present protein from natural sources are usually expensive, but the inclusion of nitrogen compounds of non-protein origin in the diet makes it possible to reduce production costs, since it has a lower price per unit of protein equivalent. The main types of raw materials that can be used for biodiesel production are animal and vegetal oil, as the most important biological source for industries are vegetables (Oliveira et al 2012), highlighting the use of soybeans for the production (Souza et al 2009; Rodrigues and Rondina 2013). In this context, many researches are being developed in order to better understand the action mechanism of ruminal microorganisms in protein and energy by-products from biodiesel; these products may alter metabolism and the animal’s performance

Objectives

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Discussion

Conclusion