Abstract
In this study, we examined the ameliorative action of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) against Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) induced testicular degeneration in albino ra ts. Adult male albino rats were given saline as a control group, TiO2 (1200 mg kg -1 BW), NAC (100 mg kg -1 BW) and co-treatment of NAC and TiO2 as a protective group for 3 months. Testicular tissues were extracted for changes in testicular gene expression and histopathology. Administration of Ti O2 significantly increased mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α that are normalized by NAC administration. TiO2 ad ministration down regulated Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) while increased B-cell Lymphoma2 (BcL2) expressions. Coadministration of rats by NAC together with TiO2 no rmalized changes in GST and BcL2 expression. Expression of steroidogenesis related genes [Androg en Binding Protein (ABR), 17 β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (17 β-HSD), cytochrome P450 17A (CYP 17α ) and aromatase] showed down regulation in TiO2 administered groups and normalized when NAC given together with TiO2. Moreover, TiO2 induced toxicity in testes that accompanied by dege neration in seminiferous tubules with congestion, oedema and cell disruption that are partially norma lized by co-administration of NAC with TiO2. In conclusion, the present findings confirmed the benf icial effect of NAC to prevent apoptosis in spermatogenic and sertoli cells and testicular dysf unction induced by TiO2 in male albino rats.
Highlights
Ahmed Farag El-Kirdasy et al / American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 9 (1): 29-38, 2014 the particles of TiO2, the more reactivity, effectivity and toxicity (Oberdorster, 2006)
We investigated the effects of NAC on TiO2 induced alterations in gene expression of steroidogenesis, reduced Glutathione (GST), testicular inflammatory and apoptotic activity (IL-6 and TNF-α and B-cell Lymphoma2 (BcL2) respectively) and testes histopathology and possible protection by NAC in male albino rats
NAC administeration to rats alone has no effect on IL-6 and TNF-α expression
Summary
Ahmed Farag El-Kirdasy et al / American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 9 (1): 29-38, 2014 the particles of TiO2, the more reactivity, effectivity and toxicity (Oberdorster, 2006). NAC free thiol group can interacts with electrophilic groups of ROS (Sen and Packer, 2000) It has a protective effect on a wide range of cell types (Cay et al, 2006). Cytokines are proteins that are secreted and expressed by most of cell types (Feghali and Wright, 1997) They are pharmacologically active with either beneficial or pathologic actions on the target cells. They may pro-inflammatory, inflammatory or antiinflammatory proteins secreted to maintain body defensive mechanism. We investigated the effects of NAC on TiO2 induced alterations in gene expression of steroidogenesis, reduced Glutathione (GST), testicular inflammatory and apoptotic activity (IL-6 and TNF-α and BcL2 respectively) and testes histopathology and possible protection by NAC in male albino rats. The enzymes of steroidogenesis examined are Androgen Binding Protein (ABR), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), Cytochrome P450 17A (CYP17α) and aromatase
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