Abstract
<h1>Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%. Karamunting (Melastome malabathricum) is a wild plant that grows in Tarakan City. This plant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are thought to have the potential to control pests. This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 1 treatment factor, namely the concentration of Karamunting leaf extract. Potential extracts as botanical insecticides were tested by dye method using 4 concentrations, namely 0 (control); 500; 1000; 2000; 4000; and 8000 ppm. The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests. Giving extracts of 8000 ppm (P5) in feed caused the highest decrease in eating activity up to 41,2%, larval mortality up to 85%, and the highest mortality rate after 7 days of observation. Decreased feeding activity and larval mortality were thought to be influenced by the presence of phenol compounds, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols and alkaloids identified in the extract. Thus, Karamunting leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in botanical insecticides to control armyworm.<strong></strong></h1>
Highlights
Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%
This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms
The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests
Summary
Potensi Ekstrak Karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.). Tanaman ini diketahui mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang diduga berpotensi untuk mengendalikan hama.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak Karamunting sebagai bahan insektisida nabati untuk mengendalikan ulat grayak.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 1 faktor perlakuan yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak daun Karamunting. Pemberian ekstrak sebesar 8000 ppm (P5) pada pakan menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas makan tertinggi hingga 41,2%,mortalitas larva hingga 85%, dan kecepatan kematian tertinggi setelah 7 hari pengamatan. Penurunan aktivitas makan dan mortalitas larva diduga dipengaruhi oleh adanya senyawa fenol, asam lemak, terpenoid, sterol dan alkaloid yang teridentifikasi pada ekstrak.Dengan demikian, ekstrak daun Karamunting berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif insektisida nabati untuk mengendalikan hama ulat grayak.
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