Abstract
It is extremely important to obtain potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes resistant to early and late blight caused by the fungi Phytophthora infestans and Alternaria solani, respectively, to adopt integrated pest management to control these diseases. Potato clones previously selected for resistance to early blight by the potato breeding program at the Federal University of Lavras were assessed in three locations in the south of Minas Gerais state, under different cultivation conditions: one experiment involved 192 clones, inoculated with Alternaria solani, another assessed 291 clones in the presence of natural infection by Phytophthora infestans, and the other assessed 192 non-infected clones. The clones more resistant to Alternaria solani tended to have a longer plant cycle. Clones with good levels of resistance to both diseases were identified as having tuber yields superior to the controls, both in the presence and absence of early blight. These clones presented tuber specific weight similar or superior to the control cultivars.
Highlights
And late blight are the most important fungal potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) diseases in Brazil (Reifschneider, 1987)
Blight, caused by Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) Sorauer is especially problematic under high humidity and temperatures, while late blight, caused by Phytphthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary is favored by high humidity and temperatures of around 12oC
Three experiments were carried out in three locations in Southern Minas Gerais to assess, under different conditions, the agronomic performance of potato clones that had been previously selected by Martins and Pinto (1996) for resistance to early blight
Summary
And late blight are the most important fungal potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) diseases in Brazil (Reifschneider, 1987). The high cost and the indiscriminated use of chemical products by farmers have raised crop production costs in Brazil and, most importantly, increased the danger of using products harmful to the environment and man Due to these problems, obtaining materials resistant to early and late blight is one of the main objectives of potato breeding programs. Further studies on the identification of materials with longer-lasting resistance are constantly needed It has already been demonstrated (Martins and Pinto, 1996) that the general combining ability of early blight is more important than its specific combining ability, indicating that it is possible to identify parents capable of generating resistant clones. The identification of early or medium maturity genotypes with good resistance levels suggests the existence of some resistance mechanisms that act regardless of the
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