Abstract
Potatoes are a strategically important agricultural crop. Potatoes, a staple food in the North Caucasus, is used for fodder and technical purposes. It is grown in the mountains and foothills. For potato growing in the Caucasus region, the potential danger is represented by external and internal quarantine pest: Golden nematode. Infestation of fields with this pest reduces the area of potato production. Fighting them with chemicals pollutes the environment. For food security and reducing environmental pollution, it is necessary to create sustainable productive varieties adapted to the conditions of the North Caucasus. Potato breeding in North Caucasus Institute of Hill and Mountain Agriculture has been conducted since 1928. Since 1991, breeding has been conducted for resistance to Golden nematode. Stable varieties and hybrids were created: Vladikavkazsky, Bars, Shcherbininsky, hybrids 04.573/1, 03.560/4. In practical breeding, foreign and domestic varieties were used as parent forms in the genome of which there are dominant resistance genes: Hertha, Sante, Nikita, Romano, Saphir, Premier, Kristall, Ausonia, Impala, Kadria, Hydra, Carlena, 71.17.06. Molecular screening of 45 samples of 5 hybrid combinations; Roko x Romano, Vladikavkaz x Prolisok, Nikulin x Ausonia, Roko x Adretta, Bars x Adretta revealed donor genotypes with resistance genes (HI, GroI-4). The hybrids are characterized by their economic and valuable characteristics.
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