Abstract
Streptococcus mutansis a key contributor to the formation of biofilms associated with dental caries disease. Living in the oral environment and developing of disease require tight gene regulation. In bacteria, gene expression is most commonly regulated at the level of transcription initiation. This control involved interactions of specific DNA sequences with regulatory proteins. A second mechanism of control of gene expression is mediated at the RNA level by several mechanisms and is generally called posttranscriptional regulation. These mechanisms include cis- and trans-acting small, non-coding RNAs, RNA-binding proteins, riboswitches, thermosensors, RNases, and Type I toxin-antitoxin systems, and may result in changes in RNA stability, efficiency of ribosome binding, translation initiation, and transcript secondary structures. Here I review the posttranscriptional regulation in S. mutans.
Highlights
The general rules of life are the same for all living organisms
Gene expression is most commonly regulated at the level of transcription initiation
A second mechanism of control of gene expression is mediated at the recognize and inactivate any foreign DNA (RNA) level by several mechanisms and is generally called posttranscriptional regulation
Summary
The general rules of life are the same for all living organisms. Everything that is true for bacteria, is true for big animals as well. That leads to the conclusion that many organisms are unique and do not undergo the common paradigms One of those organisms, Streptococcus mutans, has been proposed to be a new model organism for Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria [1]. Gene expression is most commonly regulated at the level of transcription initiation This control involved interactions of specific DNA sequences with regulatory proteins. A second mechanism of control of gene expression is mediated at the RNA level by several mechanisms and is generally called posttranscriptional regulation These mechanisms include cis- and trans-acting small, non-coding RNAs, RNA-binding proteins, riboswitches, thermosensors, RNases, and Type I toxin-antitoxin systems, and may result in changes in RNA stability, efficiency of ribosome binding, translation initiation, and transcript secondary structures [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]. I am going to shed some light on a question of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in S. mutans
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