Abstract
Cigarette smokers experience an exaggerated triglyceride (TAG) and oxidative stress response to high fat feeding. Exercise training may serve to attenuate the rise in these variables, by improving TAG clearance and antioxidant defense. We compared blood TAG, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress biomarkers in exercise trained (>2 hrs per wk) and untrained smokers matched for age, in response to a high fat test meal. We report here that low volume exercise training can attenuate postprandial lipid peroxidation, but has little impact on blood TAG and other markers of oxidative stress. Higher volumes of exercise may be needed to allow for clinically meaningful adaptations in postprandial lipemia and oxidative stress.
Highlights
Oxidative stress involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to an extent that overwhelms the antioxidant defense system [1]
Due to the fact that no studies to date have investigated the effect of exercise training on postprandial oxidative stress in smokers, we had limited data to use in a power analysis for the current design
Antioxidant enzyme activities were slightly higher for trained compared with untrained smokers, no statistically detected differences were noted for Catalase activity (CAT), Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), or Glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) activity (p>0.05; Table 3)
Summary
Oxidative stress involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to an extent that overwhelms the antioxidant defense system [1]. Increased production of ROS promotes the oxidation of lipids and other molecules in ways that impair cellular function, possibly leading to disease [2, 3]. Cigarette smoking exacerbates ROS formation [4], evidenced by the increase in oxidative stress biomarkers in smokers compared with nonsmokers [5,6,7]. Cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress poses a significant human health concern, especially as related to cardiovascular disease [8].
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