Abstract
Puerperium is a period of significant morbimortality for women, and Primary Health Care (PHC) is important in developing actions to meet women's health needs. This study aimed to systematize the knowledge produced on postpartum care programs actions within PHC at both national and international levels. This is an integrative review of the literature in databases LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), BDENF (Nursing Database), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and PubMed (US National Library of Medicine). Search was performed in the period April-May 2017. Forty-three papers met the selection criteria. Results indicate that PHC has the physical structure to provide puerperae with care, but has a shortage of human and material resources; there is low postpartum consultation coverage and home visits; there is a good evaluation of the incentive for breastfeeding, but focused on the child; international screening of Postpartum Depression through the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and care shortage for this condition in Brazil. Postpartum care still focuses on care for the newborn and is mostly restricted to the immediate and late puerperium.
Highlights
Life expectancy is higher for women than for men in most countries, a number of social and health factors combine to have a lower quality of life for women[1]
Maternal health is sensitive to Primary Health Care (PHC)[2,3]
This is an integrative review of the literature, which is characterized by a method that allows the search, critical evaluation and synthesis of available evidence about the subject investigated, whose final product consists of the current state of knowledge, implementation of interventions and identification of gaps that guide the development of other studies[13]
Summary
Life expectancy is higher for women than for men in most countries, a number of social and health factors combine to have a lower quality of life for women[1]. Gender inequality leads to many risks to women’s health, including physical and sexual violence, sexually transmitted infections, malaria, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and maternal morbidity and mortality[1]. Mortality rates during pregnancy and childbirth remain high in developing countries, despite their worldwide decline in recent decades, with 99% of maternal deaths occurring in these countries[1]. Avoidable deaths continue to occur in alarming proportions, mainly due to hypertensive diseases, hemorrhages, sepsis/infections and abortion-related complications[1,2]. Increasing the quality of this point of care is key to reducing the mortality rates of this population. Deaths and morbidities during pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium are avoidable by implementing integrated and universal access actions through light technologies and primary care[2,3]
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