Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has been reported as one of the neurological manifestations linked to COVID-19, a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus 2. We present the case of a 72-year-old male patient attending a tertiary care hospital in Muscat, Oman, in 2020 with a history of progressive bilateral limb weakness and numbness. The current diagnosis was in line with a rare complication of COVID-19. After exclusion of other possible causes, a diagnosis of GBS induced by COVID-19 was made. The patient received 0.4g/kg of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) per day for five days. This case report highlights the characteristics and course of GBS following COVID-19 infection. Further studies are needed to characterize the manifestations and course of various neuromuscular disorders in relation to COVID-19 infection.
Highlights
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19) was announced as a pandemic in March 2020 by the world health organization (WHO).[1]
GBS induced by Covid-19 seems to generally follow similar trends to the classical post-infectious GBS that is induced by other infective organisms.[21]
In comparison to our patient’s significant improvement following the Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) course, a case of parainfectious GBS due to COVID-19 failed to respond to IVIG with weakness progression, his respiratory vital capacity dropped, and he required intubation with ICU admission in the United Kingdom (UK).[1]
Summary
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19) was announced as a pandemic in March 2020 by the world health organization (WHO).[1]. The patient presented to our hospital on September 19, 2020, with a one-day history of bilateral lower limb weakness and numbness. He noted upper limbs weakness and numbness He reported mild dysphagia started few days prior to the symptoms. HIV1&2 Ag/Ab, syphilis screen, blood culture, and urine microscopy, culture & sensitivity (MCS) were all negative His cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed proteins of 2.70 g/L (reference range 0.15-0.45 g/L) with no leucocytes; PCR & autoantibodies were not tested. On the third day of admission, the Nerve conduction study (NCS) Table 1 (Motor Nerve Conduction) showed decrease in Compound Muscle Action Potential amplitude from multiple nerves in upper and lower limbs with prolonged distal motor latencies and reduced velocities. The consent has been obtained from the patient for publication
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