Abstract
Terrorism has emerged as one of the major challenges for the Eurasian regional peace, security, and cooperation. Keeping these challenges in perspective, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established to eliminate the menace of terrorism, fundamentalism, and secessionism. Against this background, the main objectives of this paper are to examine how terrorism emerged as a major determining factor in the Indo-Pak relations and how the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), was failed to play its effective role in the Indo-Pak conflict given the Pulwama terror attack. For this research, descriptive and analytical methods were used and the data was collected from secondary sources. The major findings of this article are that terrorism has emerged as one of the major determinants of Indo-Pak relations and the same has become a major challenge for the SCO to resolve the issue. Against the background of terror attacks, it was anticipated that the SCO would play a crucial role to pacify the situation. However, the role played by the SCO in this situation proved marked as a Whack-a-Mole.
Highlights
Pulwama attack and Balakot airstrike had created a war hysteria and jingoism in both India and Pakistan
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) has been established to jointly combat the terrorism, separatism, and extremism being faced by its member countries in all manifestations
The SCO has underlined the importance of cooperation in the prevention of international conflicts and their peaceful settlement by following the principles like inviolability of state borders, non-aggression, non-interference in internal affairs, and peaceful settlement of disputes between the member countries
Summary
Pulwama attack and Balakot airstrike had created a war hysteria and jingoism in both India and Pakistan. It has been realized by Pakistan's leadership that it would be difficult to go for conventional war with India. During the 1980s, using terrorism on part of Pakistan in the context of Kashmir has emerged as one of the bilateral irritants, even being used as a foreign policy strategy to „Bleed India by Thousand Cuts‟. In this backdrop, terrorism is a critical bilateral irritant that has enervated bilateral relations. The aiding and abetting of the several terror groups in Kashmir by Pakistan; and on the contrary, India‟s assertion on terror and talks would not move together, have been complicating the regional peace, stability, and security
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