Abstract
A number of epidemiological, clinical, and experimental researches have indicated that administration of green tea appears to have anti-cancer activity. According to findings of laboratory cell culture studies, a diverse mechanism has been observed underlying the effects of green tea catechins against cancer. These mechanisms include anti-oxidant activity, cell cycle regulation, receptor tyrosine kinase pathway inhibition, immune system modulation, and epigenetic modification control. This review discusses the results of these studies to provide more insight into the effects of green tea administration on cancers observed to date in this research field.
Highlights
One of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, tea, has been taken since ancient times, with tea leaves originally used for medicine [1,2]
This review aims to provide more insight into the effects and mechanisms of tea catechins, especially green tea catechins (GTCs), against cancer, and to discuss the current research investigating the effects of GTCs on cancer development and possible mechanisms underlying of how they act as anti-cancer agents
Previous studies have shown that receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play pivotal roles in cellular proliferation and apoptosis and are proposed targets by GTCs for cancer prevention [72,73]
Summary
One of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, tea, has been taken since ancient times, with tea leaves originally used for medicine [1,2]. Among the major catechins in green tea, such as (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG),. (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (−)-epicatechin (EC), EGCG is the most plentiful being approximately 70% of the entire catechin constituent [7]. Tea constituents, especially GTCs, have been the focus of scientists because of their possible preventive and therapeutic effects on chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and malignancy. A number of epidemiological studies have shown that drinking green tea provides beneficial effects on human health and that tea consumption is associated with decreased incidence of various chronic diseases, including cancers, the evidence is inconclusive [12,13,14,15]. Numerous cell culture and animal examinations have demonstrated that diverse actions exert the cancer preventive and therapeutic effects of EGCG as well as green tea. This review aims to provide more insight into the effects and mechanisms of tea catechins, especially GTCs, against cancer, and to discuss the current research investigating the effects of GTCs on cancer development and possible mechanisms underlying of how they act as anti-cancer agents
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