Abstract
It is theoretically considered that the concentration of alkali and alkali-earth elements in chloride-rich hydrothermal solutions in equilibrium with natural mineral assemblages increases with increasing Cl− concentration. On a logarithmic cation—Cl− concentration diagram this relation is shown by a nearly straight line. Analytical data for Na+, K+, Li+, Cs+, Rb+, H+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in geothermal waters and inclusion fluids of high temperature (200–300°C) appear to be generally consistent with the theoretical consideration. The concentrations of Sr2+ and Ba2+ in low-temperature (50–100°C) Japanese hot springs are characterized by: (1) they are controlled by the concentrations of both dominant monovalent and divalent cations and silicate minerals, or (2) they are controlled by sulfate (such as barite) minerals.
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